SSDs are an increasingly popular form of storage. Though lighter, faster, and more shock-resistant than traditional hard drives, the SSDs suffer from a higher cost and lower endurance. Garbage Collection is one important factor increasing durability and speed.
With SSDs, the controller writes information to a free space on the Flash. In contrast to traditional hard disk drives, Flash cannot be directly overwritten but must first be erased (See Figures 1 & 2)
Based on the Garbage Collection algorithm, effective data will be transferred to Block C. Blocks A and B are then erased. After that, new data may be more efficiently written to the now freed up Blocks of A and B. This is the essence of Garbage Collection.
In early SSDs, Garbage Collection was performed whenever a Block was discovered to have insufficient space. This greatly downgraded performance. The more advanced controllers on modern SSDs only, under normal circumstances, invoke Garbage Collection when read/write operations are not occurring. Flash first organizes free space and maintains spare blocks as buffer space. Garbage Collection therefore does not affect SSD performance in general.
From the system point of view, invoking TRIM (click here for more on “TRIM”) reduces the system load, aids in information management, and facilitates future write operations.
Transcend offers technology customization options for selected models. Please contact us for more detailed information.
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